2013年12月7日 星期六

Madiba, Nelson Mandela 1918-2013. 馬迪巴. 納爾遜·曼德拉, 1918年 至 2013年

He was born Rolihlahla Mandela in the village of Mvezo, Transkei, South Africa, the son of Henry Mandela, chief counselor to Thembuland's acting paramount chief.
Apic/Getty Images
A Look Back at Nelson Mandela's Life -- Photos - WSJ.com  http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424127887323949904578537423667406036
Nelson Mandela and his first wife, Evelyn, in 1944.
File:Mandela e Evelyn 1944.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mandela_e_Evelyn_1944.jpg
Photo courtesy of Mayibuye/Robben Island
Nelson Mandela, leader of the African National Congress (ANC), adopts a boxing pose, wearing shorts, t-shirt and boxing gloves, circa 1950. (Photo by Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)
1951.Getty
 (AP Photo/Jurgen Schadeberg)  
Nelson Mandela in his Law Office, Johannesburg 1952
A light has gone out in the world – From freedom fighter, to prisoner to president, the story of a global icon - Daily Record  http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/uk-world-news/light-gone-out-world--2895206
Nelson Mandela, une vie de lutte - Image 2 sur 11 - 20minutes.fr  http://www.20minutes.fr/monde/diaporama-3253-photo-738307-nelson-mandela-vie-lutte
Mandela and his second wife, Winnie Madikizela, on their wedding day, in Pondoland, South Africa, June, 1958. Photograph: API/Gamma-Rapho/Getty.
vintage everyday: R.I.P Nelson Mandela (1918-2013): A Life in Photographs  http://www.vintag.es/2013/12/rip-nelson-mandela-1918-2013-life-in.html
 1958. / AGENCIAS
PHOTO BY IAN BERRY/MAGNUM PHOTOS
Nelson Mandela, then acting as a defense lawyer, during the Treason Trial in Johannesburg, South Africa, 1961.
Mr. Mandela, second from back, and others walked to a room where their treason trial was being held in 1956. All of the defendants were found not guilty in 1961. Just three years later, Mr. Mandela was convicted of plotting to overthrow the government and sentenced to life in prison.
Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images
A Look Back at Nelson Mandela's Life -- Photos - WSJ.com  http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424127887323949904578537423667406036#3
A photo dated 1961 of South African anti-apartheid leader and African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela. At the time, he was helping coordinate massive strikes, and starting a controversial armed faction of the ANC. Of the action, Mandela said: "After a long and anxious assessment of the South African situation, I, and some colleagues, came to the conclusion that as violence in this country was inevitable, it would be unrealistic and wrong for African leaders to continue preaching peace and non-violence at a time when the government met our peaceful demands with force." (AFP/Getty Images) #
Crowds cheer as a police van brings prisoners to the Drill Hall, in Johannesburg, South Africa, December 31, 1956, for the start of the "Treason Trial." One man has climbed onto the step of the van top shout encouragement to the inmates. Nelson Mandela was among the people arrested and standing trial. Mandela was banned from public speaking, arrested and jailed multiple times throughout the 1950s. (AP Photo) #
Nelson Mandela 1918-2013 - In Focus - The Atlantic  http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2013/12/nelson-mandela-1918-2013/100641/
 1961. / AGENCIAS
Picture of Nelson Mandela taken in Wolfie Kodesh's flat in Johannesburg while on the run in 1961.
Eight men, among them anti-apartheid leader and member of the African National Congress (ANC) Nelson Mandela, sentenced to life imprisonment in the Rivonia trial leave the Palace of Justice in Pretoria, on June 16, 1964 with their fists raised in defiance through the barred windows of the prison car. The eight men were accused of conspiracy, sabotage and treason. (AFP/Getty Images) #
1964
Nelson Mandela: İnsan Hakları ve Özgürlüğe Adanmış Bir Hayat  http://listelist.com/nelson-mandela-hayati/
The cell. Thirty years after he was imprisoned, African National Congress (ANC) president Nelson Mandela stares out of the window of the prison cell he occupied on Robben Island for much of his 27 year incarceration, on February 11, 1994. (Reuters/Patrick de Noirmont) #

Crowds at Nelson Mandela Concert at Wembley Stadium, held in tribute for his 70th birthday in June 1988
The stage at Wembley Stadium, London, on June 11, 1988, during a performance by the band Eurythmics at the benefit concert for Nelson Mandela. The 10-hour-long concert "Nelson Mandela, Freedom at 70" was watched by 70,000 fans in the stadium and was televised to 60 countries worldwide. (AP Photo/Allen) #
Winnie Madikizela-Mandela studies messages to her then-husband anti-apartheid leader and member of the African National Congress Nelson Mandela, at his 70th birthday held in Johannesburg, on July 18, 1988. (Walter Dhladhla/AFP/Getty Images) #
Archbishop Desmond Tutu of Cape Town smiles as he gestures from a platform during the Nelson Mandela Freedom Rally in London's Hyde Park, on July 17, 1988 - on the eve of the jailed African National Congress leader's 70 birthday. A crowd estimated at 250,000 attended the rally. (AP Photo/Gill Allen) #
South African State President F.W. de Klerk, announces the unconditional release of jailed ANC leader Nelson Mandela, the unbanning of the ANC, PAC and South African Communist party and the lifting of the state of emergency during parliament in Cape Town, South Africa, on February 2, 1990. (AP Photo/Dana Le Roux-Argus) #
Nelson Mandela in Soweto, South Africa in 1990 - The leader NELSON MANDELAduring the meeting of African National Congress (ANC) after his liberation. (Photo by Lily FRANEY/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)
A picture taken on February 11, 1990 shows Nelson Mandela (L) and his then-wife Winnie raising their fists and saluting cheering crowd after Mandela's release from the Victor Verster prison near Paarl. Rolihlahla Dalibhunga
Anti-apartheid leader and African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela delivers his first public speech in Cape Town, 11 February 1990, since his release from jail. He urged white South Africans to join ANC in working for a new South Africa. At right, Mandela's wife Winnie Mandela. (Photo credit should read WALTER DHALDHLA/AFP/GettyImages)
Nelson Mandela and his then-wife Winnie raising their fists and saluting cheering crowd upon Mandela's release from the Victor Verster prison near Paarl
GETTY IMAGES

Nelson Mandela and wife Winnie, walking hand in hand, raise clenched fists upon his release from prison in Cape Town, South Africa. February 1990
ANC ldr. Nelson Mandela and wife Winnie raising fists upon his release from Victor Verster prison after 27 yrs. (Photo by Allan Tannenbaum//Time Life Pictures/Getty Images)
ANC ldr. Nelson Mandela and wife Winnie raising fists upon his release from Victor Verster prison after 27 yrs. (Photo by Allan Tannenbaum//Time Life Pictures/Getty Images)
Freed anti-apartheid leader and African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela (L) and his wife Winnie stroll, 12 February 1990, in the garden of Archbishop Desmond Tutu's residence in Cape Town, one day after the release from jail of Nelson Mandela. (Photo credit should read WALTER DHLADHLA/AFP/Getty Images)
(FILES) African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela (2nd-L), together with South African Anglican Archbishop Desmond Tutu (L), Mandela's then-wife Winnie (C), Walter Sisulu, ANC secretary-general and former Robben Island prison inmate (2nd-R), and Sisulu's wife Albertina, walk in this file photo taken 12 February 1990 in the garden of Tutu's residence in Cape Town, one day after Mandela's release from jail. (Photo credit should read WALTER DHLADHLA/AFP/Getty Images)
Anti-apartheid leader and ANC member Nelson Mandela addresses a rally attended by over 100,000 people at Soccer City Stadium in Soweto, 13 February 1990
Newly-free Nelson Mandela and Winnie Mandela salute as they enter Soweto's Soccer City stadium, in South Africa, on February 13, 1990. 120,000 thousand people packed the venue to hear his speech. (AP Photo/Udo Weitz) #
(FILES) African National Congress (ANC) Nelson Mandela (c), together with his then-wife Winnie (l), Walter Sisulu (r), Veteran ANC secretary-general and Robben Island prisoner and Sisulu's wife Albertina (2nd-r), are seated 13 February 1990 on the platform in the middle of Soweto Soccer City stadium, during a rally attended by over 100,000 people, to celebrate Mandela's release from jail 11 February 1990. (Photo credit should read WALTER DHLADHLA/AFP/Getty Images)
Mandela is wired for a television interview with the CBS anchorman Dan Rather, right, in the garden of his home in Soweto, on February 14, 1990, on his fourth day of freedom. Photograph by John Parkin/AP.
Anti-apartheid leader and African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela and his wife Winnie play with their grandchild Bambata at their Soweto home 21 February 1990. After the banning of the ANC in 1960, Nelson Mandela argued for the setting up of a military wing within the ANC. On June 12, 1964, eight of the accused, including Mandela, were sentenced to life imprisonment. Nelson Mandela was released on February 11, 1990. AFP PHOTO WALTER DHLADHLA (Photo credit should read WALTER DHALDHLA/AFP/Getty Images)
Nelson and Winnie Mandela at the Johannesburg airport. May, 1990. Photograph by Lily Franey/Gamma-Rapho/Getty.
South African anti-apartheid leader Nelson Mandela meets with Palestinian Liberation Organization Chairman Yasser Arafat, right, on Sunday, May 20, 1990 in Cairo. Both are in Cairo to meet with Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak.
READ MORE:  http://news.naij.com/3196.html
South African anti-apartheid leader and African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela (2nd L), flanked by his wife Winnie (C) and French president's wife Danielle Mitterrand (R), attends a ceremony in his honour at Trocadero Square on the Plaza of Freedom and Human right, 06 June 1990 in Paris. Nelson Mandela, who was released from jail on 11 February 1990, is in Paris for a two-day official visit. (Photo credit should read DANIEL JANIN/AFP/Getty Images)
 (Photo credit should read DANIEL JANIN/AFP/Getty Images)
South Africa's President F.W. de Klerk (L) and anti-apartheid leader and African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela shown in a file photo dated 04 May 1990 shaking hands in goodwill at a joint press briefing, after historic 'talks about talks' between the South African government and the ANC in Cape Town. (Photo credit should read RASHID LOMBARD/AFP/Getty Images)
People Used To Write Some Startling Things About Nelson Mandela  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/12/06/nelson-mandela-death-used-to-say_n_4399027.html#slide=1873261
South African leader of the ANC, Nelson Mandela raises his fist after addressing a crowd of about 15,000 people from the balcony of the city theater in Amsterdam, on June 16, 1990. (AP Photo/Rob Croese) #
Foto (ANP/Ruud Hoff): Nelson Mandela in Amsterdam in 1990, enkele maanden na zijn vrijlating.
Dagblad van het Noorden - Foto's: Nelson Mandela en Nederland  http://www.dvhn.nl/nieuws/wereld/article10171413.ece/Foto's%3A-Nelson-Mandela-en-Nederland
Wall Street area workers wave and throw ticker tape as Nelson Mandela's vehicle passes during a parade through lower Manhattan, on June 20, 1990 in New York. (AP Photo/Susan Ragan) #
Nelson Mandela waved to the capacity crowd that greeted him at the Oakland Coliseum shortly after his release from a South African prison in 1990. Photo: Sarah Fawcett, ASSOCIATED PRESS
Nelson Mandela enjoying his first look at his wax work model at Madame Tussauds, London. 1991
READ MORE:  http://news.naij.com/3196.html
From left, F.W. de Klerk, President Bill Clinton, and Nelson Mandela appear at ceremonies honoring the two South African leaders with the Philadelphia Liberty Medal at Independence Hall in Philadelphia, on July 4, 1993. (AP Photo/Greg Gibson) #
Nelson Mandela, and South African President Frederik de Klerk display their Nobel Prizes after being awarded jointly for their work to end apartheid peacefully, in Oslo, Norway, on December 9, 1993. (Gerard Julien/AFP/Getty Images) #
Mandela salutes the crowd in Galeshewe Stadium, near Kimberley, South Africa, on February 25, 1994, during a three-day campaign swing for the April all-race general election. Photograph by David Brauchli/AP.
African Nation Congress (ANC) President Nelson Mandela listens 23 April 1994 in Soweto Stadium to an official of his party, seated next to an election campaign poster, three days ahead of South Africa’s all race national elections. Walter Dhladhla/AFP/Getty Images
African National Congress supporters welcome ANC President Nelson Mandela as he arrives at a rally in Durban, on April 24, 1994. (Reuters) #
Long lines of people queuing outside the polling station in the black township of Soweto, then a southwest suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa, on April 27, 1994. Photograph by Denis Farrell/AP.
Nelson Mandela casts his ballot in the presidential election at Ohlange High school in Inanda near Durban, on April 27, 1994. The election was the first in South Africa's history with universal adult suffrage. (Reuters) #
Nelson Mandela takes the oath of office in Pretoria, on May 10, 1994 to become South Africa's first black President. (AP Photo/David Brauchli) #
President Nelson Mandela, flanked by Second Deputy F.W. de klerk (left) and First Deputy President Thabo Mbeki (right) addresses a crowd from behind bullet-proof glass in front of the Union Building during inaugural ceremonies, on May 10, 1994. (Reuters/Juda Ngwenya) #
ANC President Nelson Mandela, in leopard skin, releases a white dove for peace at a rally to commemorate 34th anniversary of the massacre of 69 demonstrators by the police in Sharpville 21 March. 1995
President Nelson Mandela and Betsie Verwoerd, widow of the assassinated architect of the failed policy of apartheid, prime minister Hendrik Verwoerd, talk to reporters August 15 after meeting over coffee and cakes in Orania, a whites-only enclave near Kimberley, on August 15, 1995. (Reuters) #
South African President Nelson Mandela (R) and Pope John Paul II listen to national anthems after they met at Johannesburg International Airport, at the start of the pope's first official visit to the country, on September 16, 1995. (Reuters) #
South African President Nelson Mandela joins the choral group at the signing of the country's new constitution at Sharpeville stadium in 1996. Mandela lived a life filled with rich musical associations.
Walter Dhladhla/AFP/Getty Images
South African President Nelson Mandela is accompanied by Britain's Queen Elizabeth II in a carriage ride to a Buckingham Palace lunch on the first day of his state visit to Britain, on July 9, 1996. (Reuters) #
David Cheskin, AP
FILE - A July 9, 1996 photo from files of Nelson Mandela, President of South Africa, and Britain's Queen Elizabeth II riding in a carriage along the Mall, London, on the first full day of his state visit to Britain. 
South African President Nelson Mandela meets a member of the South African Music Village following a tree planting ceremony in St James Park on the second day of Mandela's state visit to Britain, in London, on July 10, 1996. (Reuters/Dan Chung) #
 1996. / AGENCIAS
South African President Nelson Mandela and United States first lady Hillary Rodham Clinton, and daughter Chelsea Clinton, at a meeting in Cape Town, on March 20 1997. (AP Photo/Doug Mills) #
South African President Nelson Mandela and U.S. President Bill Clinton look out through the bars of cell number 5 where Mandela was imprisoned for 18 years on Robben Island, on March 27, 1998. Clinton said he was glad Mandela survived the experience without "having his heart turned into stone." (Reuters) #
South African President Nelson Mandela warmly greets Cuban leader Fidel Castro as he arrives for the opening of the 12th Non-Aligned Movement summit in Durban, on September 2, 1998. (Odd Andersen/AFP/Getty Images) #
Former South African President Nelson Mandela claps his hands after American pop-icon Michael Jackson was given a lifetime achievement award during the Kora All Africa music awards in Sun City, South Africa, on September 4, 1999. (Adil Bradlow/AFP/Getty Images) #
STEVE RUSSELL / TORONTO STAR 
Nelson Mandela and his wife Graca Machel at the naming of the Nelson Mandela Park Public School in Toronto, November 17, 2001.
The Nelson Mandela I knew: Stephen Lewis | Toronto Star  http://www.thestar.com/opinion/commentary/2013/12/05/the_nelson_mandela_i_knew.html
vintage everyday: R.I.P Nelson Mandela (1918-2013): A Life in Photographs  http://www.vintag.es/2013/12/rip-nelson-mandela-1918-2013-life-in.html
The Toronto Star stories. Rank: 93 Score: 86 | Scanvine  http://www.scanvine.com/source/the-toronto-star/last1
Former South African President Nelson Mandela chats with England soccer captain David Beckham at Nelson Mandela's Foundation office in Johannesburg May 21,2003. Reuters
Nelson Mandela poses for photographers with singers Beyonce Knowles (C) and Annie Lennox (R) during a visit to Robben Island Prison near Cape Town, November 28, 2003. Reuters
Photo: Nelson Mandela sits beneath the window of his prison cell on Robben Island near Cape Town, November 28, 2003. REUTERS/Mike Hutchings
Former South African President Nelson Mandela poses with his grandchildren, at his home in Qunu, South Africa, on July 18, 2008. (AP Photo/Themba Hadebe) #
Former South African President Nelson Mandela waves to the crowd at Soccer City stadium during the closing ceremony for the 2010 World Cup in Johannesburg, on July 11, 2010. (Reuters/Michael Kooren) #
AP
Nelson Mandela, South Africa's peacemaker, dies - Yahoo News  http://news.yahoo.com/nelson-mandela-south-africa-39-peacemaker-dies-224426522.html
FRANCK FIFE/Getty Images
Mr. Mandela lifted a trophy in Zurich in 2004 after it was announced that South Africa would host the 2010 Soccer World Cup.
Steffen Schmidt/Keystone/Associated Press
A Look Back at Nelson Mandela's Life -- Photos - WSJ.com  http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424127887323949904578537423667406036#15
Nelson Mandela’s influence was decisive in South Africa earning hosting rights for the 2010 World Cup.
 2011,  / AGENCIAS
Nelson Mandela celebrates his 94th birthday with family in Qunu, South Africa, on July 18, 2012. Across the country, and even abroad, people performed good deeds to honor the country's most famous statesman on his 94th birthday. (AP Photo/Schalk van Zuydam) #
Nelson Tavares, 24, works on a mural of former South African president Nelson Mandela which he painted during festivities in his neighborhood in Lisbon, Portugal, on June 20, 2013. (Reuters/Rafael Marchante)
Nelson Mandela 1918-2013 - In Focus - The Atlantic  http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2013/12/nelson-mandela-1918-2013/100641/
People Used To Write Some Startling Things About Nelson Mandela  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/12/06/nelson-mandela-death-used-to-say_n_4399027.html#slide=1873186
The Mandela Playlist: A Life And Legacy, Told In Music : The Record : NPR  http://www.npr.org/blogs/therecord/2013/12/07/195281915/the-mandela-playlist-a-life-and-legacy-told-in-music
La vida de Mandela, en imágenes - laverdad.es  http://www.laverdad.es/murcia/multimedia/fotos/mundo/20131205/vida-mandela-imagenes-307240788734-mm.html
South African leader Nelson Mandela dies | canada.com  http://o.canada.com/news/nelson-mandela-obituary/
What Nelson Mandela meant to the Bay Area - SFGate  http://www.sfgate.com/politics/joegarofoli/article/What-Nelson-Mandela-meant-to-the-Bay-Area-5039220.php
Nelson Mandela dead: South Africa's first black president and anti-apartheid icon dies at 95 - Africa - World - The Independent  http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/nelson-mandela-dead-at-95-south-africas-first-black-president-and-antiapartheid-icon-dies-8670485.html
A light has gone out in the world – From freedom fighter, to prisoner to president, the story of a global icon - Daily Record  http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/uk-world-news/light-gone-out-world--2895206
Major events in the life of Nelson Mandela - Houston Chronicle  http://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/crime/article/Major-events-in-the-life-of-Nelson-Mandela-5040360.php
Robben Island  http://news.yahoo.com/photos/robben-island-1386291417-slideshow/
AP
Former South African President Nelson Mandela has died at age 95 of complications from a recurring lung infection.
The anti-apartheid leader and Nobel laureate was a beloved figure around the world, a symbol of reconciliation from a country with a brutal history of racism. (Yahoo News)
Former South African President Nelson Mandela has died at age 95 of complications from a recurring lung infection.
The anti-apartheid leader and Nobel laureate was a beloved figure around the world, a symbol of reconciliation from a country with a brutal history of racism. (Yahoo News)
AP
AP
Yahoo News Photos  http://yahoonewsphotos.tumblr.com/
The world reacts to the death of Nelson Mandela  http://news.yahoo.com/photos/the-world-reacts-to-the-death-of-nelson-mandela-slideshow/
European Union flags fly at half-staff to honor the memory of Nelson Mandela, at the European Commission headquarters in Brussels, Friday, Dec. 6, 2013. Mandela passed away Thursday night after a long illness. He was 95. As word of Mandela's death spread, current and former presidents, athletes and entertainers, and people around the world spoke about the life and legacy of the former South African leader. (AP Photo/Geert Vanden Wijngaert)
The union flag flies at half-mast above the Houses of Parliament, in tribute to Nelson Mandela the former South African president, in London, Friday Dec. 6, 2013.
A well-wisher writes a message on a poster of Nelson Mandela on which he and others have written their messages of condolence and support, in the street outside his old house in Soweto, Johannesburg, South Africa Friday, Dec. 6, 2013.
A poster of Nelson Mandela on which well-wishers have written their messages of condolence and support, in the street outside his old house in Soweto, Johannesburg, South Africa Friday, Dec. 6, 2013. Flags were lowered to half-staff and people in black townships, in upscale mostly white suburbs and in South Africa's vast rural grasslands commemorated Nelson Mandela with song, tears and prayers on Friday while pledging to adhere to the values of unity and democracy that he embodied. (AP Photo/Ben Curtis) - See more at: http://www.1340wgau.com/ap/ap/georgia/mandela-anti-apartheid-icon-mourned-world-over/ncCrF/#sthash.n0eUdkis.dpuf

Nelson Mandela - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Mandela
納爾遜·曼德拉 - 維基百科,自由的百科全書
在南非,他普遍被暱稱為馬迪巴(Madiba),其是曼德拉家族中長輩對他的榮譽頭銜[8],這個稱謂也變成了曼德拉的同義詞。
  http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%B0%94%E9%80%8A%C2%B7%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89

曼德拉3段婚姻 晚年終得幸福 | 曼德拉逝世 | 全球觀察 | 聯合新聞網
http://udn.com/NEWS/WORLD/WORS4/8342594.shtml
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